Navigation
| Command | Description | |
| cd d | Change to directory d | |
| cd | Change to your HOME directory | |
| cd .. | Change to a higher directory | |
cd ~/doc |
Change to 'doc' directory in your HOME (abbrv. as ). | |
| pwd | print [current] working directory |
File handling
| ls d | List files in directory d | |
| ls | list files in the current working directory | |
| ls -l [f...] | List files in detail ("l"ong list) | |
| mkdir d | Create new directory d | |
| rmdir d | Remove directory d | |
| rm f1 [f2...] | Remove file(s) f1... | |
| rm -rf d1 [d2...] | CAREFUL. Recursively remove all files in the directories | |
| mv f1 [f2...] d | Move file f to directory d | |
| mv d1 d2 | Rename directory d1 as d2 | |
| cp f1 f2 | Copy file f1, and name it as f2 | |
| cp -r d1 d2 | Recursively copy a directory d1, and name it as d2 | |
| ln -s realFileName linkName | Create a symbolic link to realFileName and name it as linkName | |
| chmod mode f | Change protection mode of f. | |
| example: chmod ugo+x doIt.sh |
File contents
| emacs [f] | Emacs fullscreen editor | |
| more f | ||
| less f | Show file contents of a text file f |
Navigation within ``less''
p or ESC-< Scroll to the beggining ESC-> Scroll to the end space Scroll forward one page (page up) b Scroll back one page (page down) number type in a number n and it will scroll n lines /keyword search for keyword n search for the next "keyword" q quit the viewing
Misc
| grep pattern [f...] | Print lines matching a pattern | |
| cut [-f] [-d] [f] | Extract columns specified by -f (field), -d specifies delimiter. | |
| sort [-n] [f] | Sort, -n means numerically. | |
| wc | Word count | |
| passwd | Change password | |
| alias name1=''name2'' | Create command alias (ksh/bash) | |
| unalias name1 [name2...] | Remove command alias name1 ... | |
| ssh node | Login securely to remote node | |
| exit | End terminal session | |
| export name="v" | set environment variable to value v (ksh/bash) |
Process Control
| CTRL-c | Interrupt processes | |
| CTRL-s | Stop screen scrolling | |
| CTRL-q | Resume screen output | |
| CTRL-z | Suspend current process | |
| ps | Print process status stats | |
| jobs | Print list of jobs | |
| kill %n | Kill job n | |
| kill -9 n | Remove process n | |
| cmd & | Run cmd in background | |
| bg [%n] | Resume background job n | |
| fg [%n] | Resume foreground job n |